Grinding-machine



H. J. PERKINS.

GRINDING MACHINE.

APPUCATION man JULY 29. 19:9.

Patented Apr-.20, 1920.

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H. J. PERKINS. umuume MACHINE.

APPLICATION men JULY 29, ms.

Patented Apr. 20, 1920.

H. I. PERKINS.

GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 29, I9I8.

Patented Apr. 20, 1920.

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6 SHEETS$HEEI 4- JPerk/hs H. J. PERKINS. GRINDING MACHINE. nrrucnnon r||.:01uw29.191s.

Patented Apr. 20, 1920.

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a ma 4. a 0 3 a 9 3 a 7 e 2 l 5 w o I 0 MW am l m Q w w Z E a I. w w H I m L I\\\ II I 6 M HARRY J. PERKINS, 0F GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN.

GRINDING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 20, 1920.

Application filed July 29, 1918. Serial No. 247,232.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY J. PERKINS, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Grand Rapids, in the county of Kent and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Grindiiig-lvlachines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The present invention relates to a grinding machine adapted for use in commercial grinding to finish various metal forms. It is a primary object and purpose of my invention to make a grinding machine which may be converted into either a cylindrical, surface or internal grinder in a very simple manner by adjustment of a grindm unit mounted at the upper end of a stationary post or support. A further object of the invention resides in a novel means for driving the work-holding table back and forth under in front of the grinding Wheel, said means including a transmission unit inde pendently connected and capable of ready removal in its entirety from the remainder of the machine. Another object of the invention resides in the provision of a novel cross feed for the grinding machine which may be driven at two rates of. speed, one fast and one slow, the former bein used in surface grinding and the latter 1n cylindrical or internal grinding. Many other objectsand purposes of the invention including a novel method of driving the transmission, which is mounted on a movable saddle, from a drive shaftmounted on a stationary art of the machine, a novel method of riving the headstock through manual tightening of a tension device used in connection with a belt which drives the headstock, a novel gearing connection for driving the headstock from the transmission at all points in the travel of thetable with respect to the saddle, a very simple and effective automatic cross feed construction, together with many other novel features and details of construction and operation for produc ng a grinding machine having relatively few parts and of simple construction, yet capable of substantially all kinds of commercial metal "rinding, will appear as understand log of {he nvention is had from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is an end elevation of the complete machine adjusted for internal grinding work.

Figs. 2 and 3 are similar elevations, the machine being positioned for surface and cylindrical grinding respectively.

Fig. 4 is a front view of the machine in position for cylindrical grinding.

Figs. 5 and (i are, respectively, front views of the machine adjusted for surface and internal grinding.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal vertical section throu h the saddle and work-holding table, and s owing the mechanism used to drive the headstock.

Fig. 8 is a view from the left hand end of F ig. 7.

ig. 9 is a transverse vertical section taken subst zzmtially on the plane of line 9-9 in Fi *ig. 10 is a fragmentary horizontal section through the saddle and the transmis sion case, the mechanism within the same being shown in plan with parts broken away for clearness of disclosure.

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary front elevation, enlarged, with parts shown in section and illustrating the automatic cross feed mechanism.

Fig. 12 is a side elevation, partly in section, showing the flexible driving shaft used to drive the table operating and reversing mechanisms of the machine.

Fig. 13 is a. frontelevation of a slight modification in detail of 8.1138113 of the automatic cross feed mechanism.

Fig. 14 is avertical section on the line indicated at 14 in Fig. 10.

Fig. 15 is a fragmentary vertical section through the automatic cross feed: mechanism. a

-Fig. 16 is an elevation, partly. in section, illustrating the adjustable'connection of the grinding unit to the support? Fig. 17 is a plan view't ereof;=and

Fig. 18 is a viewlooking at the left hand end-of Fig. 16. 7

Like reference characters refer to like parts in the different .views' of the draw- 1n e grind' machine as a whole is carried on a suite is base 1 from which a holsubs'tantiailly hi the post is also use to assist in low cylindrical upright post 2 extends, on the up r end of which a cap 3 forming the base a grinding unit is seated, adapted to be turned about a vertical axis and adapted to be fixed to the post by a screw 4' threading into a web 5 cast integral with the post. A split ring 6 surrounds the up er end of the post an part of the cap 3 an is adapted to be tightened about the post by a manually operated clamping bolt 7 whereby the ring may be adjusted and held in different positions. A set screw 8 passing through the ring and bearing a ainst the upper end olding the ring in fixed relation to the post.

An upwardly extending supportin bracket 9 is cast integral with the cap 3 an is provided with two bearings 10 and 11 through which a shaft 12 extends, being rotatably mounted in the same and having a pulley 13 fixed thereto between the bearings 10 and 11. One end of the shaft is adapted to have a wheel 14 detachabliy connected therewith, and the opposite en a rindin wheel 15. A belt 16' passes around t e whee 14 and around a pulley 17. fixed to one end of a sh aft 18 which is mounted on an arm 19 extending from the ring 6, and if desired, this arm may be divided and made adjustable as indicated in Fig. 18, a clamping set screw 19' being used to hold the two parts of the arm in fixed relation to each other. This is of value in tightening the belt 16.

The shaft 18 extends a distance away from the arm 19 and at its free end is equipped with a small grinding; wheel 20 for use in internal ind wor The p ey 13 is driven by a drive belt 21 passing around it and also around a drive ulley 22 on a main power shaft 23 rotatably mounted above the machine and carried by suitable brackets 24. The drive pulley 22 is of suflicient width that irrespective of the ad'ustment of the cap 3 on the su port 2, the belt 21 does notdisengage therefrom. A knee25 is mounted on .the post 2 and may be vertically adjusted with respect thereto through a screw 26 operated by a as hand wheel 27 fixed on a shaft 28 which operative gearing enga 'ement with the screw 26, in theusual an well known manner, this form of adjustment not being novel in any'res I A sad e 29 is slidably mounted on and above the knee 25, bei1'1g adapted to move toward or away from the support 2. Guides 30 on the lower side of the saddle engage with oo-acting guides on the knee to permit this movement. The work-'holdin is slidabl "mounted on and above t e saddle 29 and 1s movable endwise with. respect thereto in front of the post 2, it having guides 32 slidably on aging with co-acting guides 32 on the sadd e. This table has an upper auxiliary adjustable table 31 pivotthe same being deple table 31 ally mounted between its ends to. swing about a vertical axis, as shown in 7, and which may be clamped to the main table 31 at various angles if it is desired at any time to grind tapered cylinders.

he auxiliary table 31 carries the usual tailstock 33 at one end and the headstock 34 at the opposite end. The headstock is rovided with a center sleeve 35 on whic a pulley 36 is mounted which b means of a ock screw 37 may, if desire be fixed to the sleeve 35 so as to make the headstock center 38 inserted in the sleeve 35 a live center, thou h ordinarily this connection is not made, t e center 38 in actual practice remaining stationary or dead except when the center itself is to be und.

A shaft 39 is rotata ly carried b depending brackets 40 castintegral wit the table 31 and at one end, directly below the pulley 36, is equipped with a pulley 41, an endless belt 42 passing around both so that when shaft 39 is rotated, the pulley 3? is driven. An idle roller 43 carried between arms 44 mounted on a short shaft 45 may be used to tighten the belt, a handle 46 being fixed to a projecting end of the shaft 45 for manual operation'and adapting the roller 43 to either tension the belt for driving the headstock or loosening it if the headstock is not to be driven.

The opposite end of shaft 39 is equipped with a pinion 47 meshing 'with a gear 48 which is of a length ual to or greater than the maximum trave of the-work table. Said gear 48. at one end has a short shaft 49 rotatably mounted in one end of the saddle 29, while the opposite end is interiorly bored and ke ed to receive the projecting end of a sha 50 forming one element of the transmission hereafter described. The boring at 51 is of considerable depth and the key 52 extends to the bottom thereof, as shown in Fig. 7. Shaft 50, grooved in its side to receive key 52, extends through and has bearings in opposite sides of a transmission case 53 which is bolted or otherwise detachably secured at the end of the saddle. The shaft 50 is slidably mounted in the transmission case and has an operating knob 54 at its outer end and also carries a key 55 adapted to engage with a suitable key- Way in any one of the three gears 56, 57

and 58 loosely mounted'on the shaft, which gear shall engage with the shaft and drive ndent u n the position of the key 55 w ich may B: moving-the shaft 50 in or out as .will be readily understood.

An arm 59 is loosely mounted 'at its front end on the shaft 23 and is normally pulled in an upward direction by a we ht 59.. At its rear and arm 59 carries a it on which agaulley 60 is rotatably mounted and used to v pulleys changed by rive a belt 61 which exte'ndsdownwardl'yto the inding machine and around a pulley 63. drive pulley 62 on the shaft 23 drives a belt 61' which in turn is used to drive the shaft on which pulley 60 is mounted. Pulley 63 is fixed on a short shaft 64 which at one end has a hollow sleeve 65 secured thereto this sleeve being uared interiorl at its free end so as to slidably receive t e squared end 66 of a shaft 67 rotatably mounted in suitable bearings on the saddle 29. Shaft 64 and sleeve 65 are mounted in bearings formed in brackets 68 and 69 which are secured to a water tank 70 connected to the knee 25, it being evident that the shaft 67 with the movements of the saddle telescopes more or less into sleeve 65.

Shaft 67 is equipped with a worm 71 which meshes with a tan ent wheel 72 secured at the inner end 0 a shaft 74 positioned parallel to the shaft 50 heretofore described. and likewise having bearings in sides of the transmission case 53. Gears 75, 76 and 77 are fixed on shaft 74 and mesh, respectively, with gears 56, .57 and 58, it being evident that all of the three last mentioned gears are driven contin'uousl whenever the machine is in operation, and whichever one is connected to the shaft 50 drives said shaft, it in turn operating the elongated gear 48.

Gears 7 5, 76 and 77 also are in mesh with three gears 78, 79, and 80, mounted on a parallel shaft 81 the same as gears 56, 57 and 58 are mounted on shaft 50, this shaft 81 being equipped with an operating handle 82 and with a key similar to the ke 55 on sliaft 50, while at its inner end aft 81 passes loosely through a suitable supporting member carried by the saddle and has a pinion 83 in mesh with a large gear 84, the width of which is sufficient to permit the slidable adjustment of the shaft 81. It is apparent that the transmission case with the gears and shafts thereon or housing 53 ma be removed in its entirety from the saddle at any time for inspection or repair.

The gear 84 is fixed to a shaft 85 which is suitably mounted on the saddle and equipped with mechanism for driving the table. Two combined gears and utch members 86 are loosely mounted on the shaft 85 and are in mesh with a beveled gear 87.

A double-faced clutch member 88 is splined on the shaft 85 and as will later be. described, is adapted to be thrown into engagement with the clutches of either of the gears 86 for driving the beveled gear 87 in opposite directions. The gear 87 is mounted on any suitable support for rotation and back of the same a spur gear 89 is secured which-meshes with a similar gear 90 on a shaft 91, which extends rearwardly to a point underneath table 31 and is equipped with a pinion 92 meshing with a rack 93 fixed lengthwise ofthe table. Shaft 91 extends forward through the front wall of a housing 94 used to inc ose the reversing mechanism and cast integral with the saddle 29. At its front end shaft 91 is equipped with a hand wheel 95 whereby the table may be operated manuall when desired.

A ro 96 is positioned in front of shaft 85 on which a yoke 97 is slidably mounted, being normally held in central position by springs 98. he yoke engages with the double clutch member 88 so that it moves with the yoke. A reversing lever 99 is mounted on a shaft 100 which extends through the front wall of a housing 94 and integral with the lever is a sleeve 101 having depending arms operatively connecting with a central sleeve 102 mounted on the rod 96, against the ends of which spriiws 98 bear. A projection 103 extends to the rear from handle 95 so as to locate in the path of movement of stops 104 adj nstably mounted on the front side of the table, the same serving to throw the lever 99, in the usual manner in grinding machines, to accomplish the reversal of movement of the table. A rod 105 extends downwardly through the reversing lever its lower end being adapted to enter a slot 106 formed in yoke 97 should it be desired at any time to temporarily lock the reversal mechanism against movement. Rod 105 is normally held out of engagement with slot 106 by a spring 107, as shown in Fig. 14.

At a point'below and slightly to one side of the shaft 91, a screw-threaded shaft 108 is positioned, its front end extending through and having bearing in the front wall of the housing 94, while its rear end threads through a block 109 connected to the knee 25. t is evident that a turning of the shaft 108 effects a movement of the saddle with respect to the knee and its supporting post 2. Two sprocket wheels 110 and 111 are loosely mounted on shaft 108, each being adapted to be alternately connected to the shaft by means of a sliding key 112, best shown in Fig. 15. A sleeve 113 is rotatably mounted around the front end of shaft 91 and at its rear end is provided with two sprocket wheels 114 and 115 around which chains 116 and 117 pass to drive the sprockets 110 and 111, respectively. A hand wheel 118 is keyed to the front end of sleeve 113 and has a gear wheel 119 secured at-its rear side. By means of the hand wheel manual movement of the saddle may be effected.

A member 120 is loosely mounted between its ends around the sleeve 113 and is provided with a weighted lower end 121 which normally holds it in vertical position. At its upper end a head 122 extends over the ear 119 to one side of which a shroud 123 1s connected, conforming to and coverprovided with a gear se ing a portion of the gear. A spring bar 124 is mounted at one end to the under side of head 122, being equipped with a tooth 125 which may pass between any two consecutive teeth on the ear wheel 119. Normally this member is elevated above the teeth of the gear wheel, but by operation of an adjusting screw 126, may be moved into conjunction therewith.

A sleeve 127 is fixed on the front side of the housing 94 in the u per end of which a plunger 128 is inserted normally held in an upper position by a coil sprin 129, the tension of which may be adjuste through the medium of a center rod 130 connected to the plunger which passes downwardly through a sleeve 131, being threaded at its lower end below the sleeve 127 to receive adjusting lock nuts 132. A stirrup 133 is secured to the upper end or head of the plunger, which is somewhat enlarged, the stirrup having upwardly projecting spaced apart arms 133. On the front end of shaft 100, a rocker member 134 is fixed, it having two oppositely projecting horizontal arms 135 passing over and bearing against the upper ends of the arms 133. A lever 136 is pivotall mounted at its lower end to the head of t e plunger 128, extending vertically and at its u per end equipped with a pivotally mounted dog 137 having a point 138 which may pass between any two consecutive teeth of the ear 119 and of a shape, such as shown in Figs. 11 and 13, that on a downward movement of the plunger, ear 19 is caused to move with the downwar movement of the pawl, while on the upward movement it rides over the teeth of the gear, as will be evident. Lever 136 and pawl 137 are held in position so that the pawl engages with the car by a spring 139. The shaft 100, it wil be evident, is rocked from one side to the other with the reversal movements of lever 99, this causing the member 134 to similarly rock and depress one of the arms 135 and elevate the other, there being a downward movement imparted to the plun er 128 with each oscillatory movement an a consequent rotation of the gear 119 and a driving of the screwthreaded shaft 108 for the automatic cross feed movement of the saddle. B locating the weighted member 120 at any esired position, the automatic oross feed may be carried forward predetermined amounts or until such. time as the end of the shroud 123 is carried under the dog 137 whereupon it serves as a shield to prevent engagement of the dog with the gear causin a consequent automatic stop of the cross eed move ment. The same automatic operation of the cross feed may be effected by the construction shown in Fig. 13 wherein a disk 140 ent 141 is mounted on the front end 0 the shaft 100,

1,aa7,e17 I the same mcshin with a car segment on the upper'edge o the memier 134 which is mounted on any suitable idle shaft or pin 101 directly below the shaft 100, the depression of the plunger being effected in substantially the same manner as before.

From the foregoin it will be apparent that I have provide a grinding machine construction of relatively simple type which may be utilized for practically all types of commercial grinding includin cylindrical, plain or tapered surface grinding, and internal grinding. With the mechanism adjusted as shown in Figs. 2 and 5, the grinding wheel 15 is adapted to act on any fiat work carried on the auxiliary table 31, and if a cross feed is desired, key 112 may connect wheel 111 to the screw-threaded shaft 108 for relativel ra id cross feed operation. For cylin rica grinding, the cap 3 may be loosed and turned to another position, such as shown in Fi 3 and 4, and the cylinder held between t 1e centers of the head and tail stocks carried back and forth by the movement of the table in front of the grinding wheel. The cross feed in this case must be slower than with surface grinding, gear 110 being connected by the my 112 to the shaft 108. While for internal grinding the cap 3 is adjusted so as to bring shaft 18 carrying the small grinding wheel 20 in alinement with the work which ma be held and driven on the headstock, as s own in Fig. 6, the small grinding wheel entering the work and grinding interior surfaces thereon. The automatic cross feed in this case if used, is the same as used in cylindrical grinding.

This rinding machine is of universal application, may be produced at a relatively low cost, and is particularly valuable on account of its wide range of usefulness. Many details of structure may be changed without departing from the invention, and I consider myself entitled to all modifications thereof which fall within the scope of the appended claims defining the invention.

I claim:

1. In a grinding machine, a support, a knee on the support, a saddle slidably mounted on the knee to move toward or away from the support, a table slidably mounted on the saddle to move back and forth in front of the support, a shaft mounted on the knee, a second shaft mounted on the saddle, telescoping connections between said shafts, and means to drive the table back and forth over the saddle from said second shaft. substantially as described. a

2. In a rinding machine, a support, a knee on t e support, a saddle slidably mounted on the knee to move toward or casing inclosing a unitary transmission gearing detachabl connected to one end of the sa dle, a sha mounted on the saddle and detachably associated with the transmission gearing to drive the same, a second shaft on the knee, havin telescopic connection with the first sha t, a table slidably mounted on the saddle, and means to operate said table back and forth over the saddle from said transmission gearing.

3. In combination, a supporting post, a knee mounted thereon, a saddle slidably mounted on the knee, a table mounted for reciprocation on the saddle, a headstock mounted at one end of the table, an elongated gear rotatably mounted on the saddle, a transmission casing detachablv connected to one end of the saddle and having a change speed transmission gearing unit therein adapted to detachably associate with said elongated gear to drive the same, means to drive the transmission gearing, a workholding center pulley rotatably mounted on the headstock, and means to drive the same from the elongated gear as said table reciprocates with respect to the saddle, substantially as described.

4. In a grinding machine, a support, a saddle slidably mounted thereon to move toward or away from the support, a table mounted for reciprocation in front of the support, means for reversing the movement of the table including a reversing lever, a shaft rotatabl mounted on and extending through the ront of the saddle to which said lever is connected, a rocker member on the front end of the shaft, a spring elevated plunger mounted below the rocker member ang depressed with each oscillation thereof, a 0 which said dog engages an operated by the dog on downward movement of the plunge a threaded shaft carried by the saddle an a threaded into a relatively stationary part of the support, and means to drive said threaded shaft at either of two different speeds from said gear, substantially as described.

5. In a grinding machine, a support, a saddle slidabl mounted thereon, a screwthreaded sha t rotatably mounted on the saddle and threading through a relatively stationary part. of said support, two sprocket (wheels loosely mounted on the shaft, manually operable means to connect either wheel to the shaft, a sleeve rotatably mounted on the saddle and including two sprocket wheels, chains for driving the wheels on the shaft by the wheels on the sleeve, a table mounted for reciprocation on the saddle, -means including a reversing lever for recarried by the plan er, a gear with versing the movement of the table, and means interposed between the lever and said sleeve for giving the sleeve a step by step rotation with the movement of said reversing lever, substantially as described.

6. In a grinding machine, a support, a saddle slidably mounted thereon to move toward or away from said support, a table slidably mounted to move back and forth over the saddle, a screw-threaded shaft rotatably mounted on the saddle and threading through a relatively stationary part of the support, a sleeve rotatively mounted on the saddle, means connecting the sleeve and shaft to drive the shaft from the sleeve, a hand wheel fixed on the front end of the sleeve, a gear secured to the rear side of said hand wheel, a weighted member loosely mounted on the sleeve back of the gear, a head to said member extending over the gear, a spring member having a down, wardly projecting tooth mounted at one end on the under side of said head and over the gear, means to force said tooth into engagement with the gear, a spring elevated plunger mounted on the saddle adjacent the gear, a dog engaging with the gear and pivotally mounted on the plunger, means to drive the table, means for reversing the movement of the table including a reversi lever mounted on the saddle and oscillate by the table, means for depressing the plunger and the dog carried thereby with each oscillatory movement of the lever, and a shroud connected to the head of the weighted member and extending over a part of the gear toward said dog.

7. In a grindin machine, including a support, a saddle s idably mounted thereon and a table slidably mounted on the saddle,

means for moving the table back and forth over the saddle'and for automatically reversing the same includin a reversing'lever which is alternately osci lated in opposite directions, a shaft on the saddle to which said lever is attached, a rocker member having 0 positely extending arms fixed to an end 0 the shaft, :1. spring elevated plunger, having a head normally bearing against said rocker arms, a second shaft onthe saddle having threaded connection with the support, means to drive said second shaft including a gear, and means to rotate said gear step by step on oscillation of the rocker member and depression of the plunger to thereby periodically move the saddle with reference to its support.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

HARRY J. PERKINS. 

